Glutathione - 1500mg
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Glutathione – 1500mg

$69.00

All products are for laboratory research purposes only. Not for human consumption, medical, or veterinary use. ION Peptides does not condone or support the use of peptides outside of controlled scientific research. By purchasing, you acknowledge that you are a qualified researcher or institution. You must be 21 or older.

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Description

Glutathione (GSH)

Research-Grade Tripeptide Antioxidant
Tagline: Redox Balance & Detoxification Research

Product Description

Glutathione (GSH) is a naturally occurring tripeptide composed of glutamate, cysteine, and glycine, and serves as one of the body’s most important intracellular antioxidants. It plays a critical role in redox homeostasis, detoxification, immune function, and regulation of cellular proliferation and apoptosis.

Researchers use Glutathione to explore oxidative stress, mitochondrial health, xenobiotic metabolism, and immune system regulation in in vitro and in vivo studies. Its reduced (GSH) and oxidized (GSSG) forms are key indicators of cellular oxidative balance.

For Laboratory and Scientific Research Use Only. Not for Human Consumption.

Why Researchers Choose Glutathione

  • Master Antioxidant: Central to redox regulation and ROS neutralization.

  • Detoxification Research: Cofactor in glutathione peroxidase and transferase pathways.

  • Cellular Health Marker: GSH:GSSG ratio is widely used as a biomarker of oxidative stress.

  • Multiple Forms Available: Reduced (GSH) and oxidized (GSSG) forms for diverse experimental setups.

  • Batch Verified: ≥98% purity, tested for identity and stability for consistent results.

Research Data & Handling Tips

  • Reconstitution: Dissolve in sterile water, PBS, or compatible buffer. Prepare fresh solution for experiments.

  • Solubility: Highly water-soluble; sensitive to oxidation.

  • Storage: Store powder at -20 °C, desiccated and protected from light.

  • Stability: Use immediately after reconstitution or aliquot and freeze at -80 °C.

Important Note

For laboratory and scientific research only. Not for human consumption, medical injection, or diagnostic use.

Details

Chemical Formula C₁₀H₁₇N₃O₆S
Molecular Mass 307.33 g/mol
CAS Number 70-18-8
Vial Size 100 mg, 500 mg, 1 g
Form Reduced Glutathione (GSH) powder (oxidized GSSG available on request)
Solubility Water, PBS, cell culture media
Shelf Life 24 months (lyophilized, unopened)
Handling Protect from light and air; minimize freeze-thaw cycles
Intended Use For preclinical, cell culture, and biochemical research only
Storage -20 °C (dry powder), -80 °C (after reconstitution)

Research

Research Applications

Oxidative Stress Studies

Glutathione depletion and supplementation models are used to investigate the cellular response to ROS and redox imbalance [1].

Mitochondrial Function & Apoptosis

GSH maintains mitochondrial membrane integrity and regulates apoptosis through redox-sensitive pathways [2].

Detoxification & Phase II Metabolism

Acts as a cofactor for glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), aiding in conjugation of toxins and xenobiotics [3].

Immune Function Research

Glutathione plays a role in lymphocyte proliferation, cytokine production, and maintaining immune cell redox state [4].

References

  1. Wu G et al. (2004). Glutathione Metabolism and Its Implications for Health. J Nutr.
    https://www.x-mol.com/paper/1213007836065501192

  2. Circu ML et al. (2012). Glutathione and Apoptosis: Redox Regulation in Cell Death. Biochim Biophys Acta.
    https://www.scirp.org/reference/referencespapers?referenceid=3171885

  3. Hayes JD et al. (2005). Glutathione Transferases in Detoxification and Signaling. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol.
    https://www.researchgate.net/profile/John-Hayes-12/publication/7914946_Glutathione_Transferases/links/0912f5086a6612b38c000000/Glutathione-Transferases.pdf

  4. Droge W (2002). The Role of Glutathione in Immune Function and Oxidative Stress. Physiol Rev.
    https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/39488A395CB25E88283204A938A4CBD9/S0029665100000847a.pdf/glutathione-and-immune-function.pdf

Mechanism of Action

Mechanism of Action (How Glutathione Works)

  • Direct ROS Scavenging: Neutralizes reactive oxygen species such as peroxides, superoxide, and hydroxyl radicals [Wu 2004].

  • Enzymatic Cofactor: Serves as a substrate for glutathione peroxidase (GPx) to detoxify hydrogen peroxide and lipid peroxides [Hayes 2005].

  • Redox Cycling: Converted to oxidized glutathione (GSSG) and recycled back to GSH by glutathione reductase, maintaining intracellular redox balance [Circu 2012].

  • Signal Modulation: Influences redox-sensitive signaling pathways (e.g., NF-κB, Nrf2) involved in inflammation and cell survival [Droge 2002].

  • Detoxification: Conjugates with electrophilic xenobiotics via GSTs, aiding in their excretion [Hayes 2005].

References

  1. Wu G et al. (2004). Glutathione Metabolism and Its Implications for Health. J Nutr.
    https://www.x-mol.com/paper/1213007836065501192

  2. Circu ML et al. (2012). Glutathione and Apoptosis: Redox Regulation in Cell Death. Biochim Biophys Acta.
    https://www.scirp.org/reference/referencespapers?referenceid=3171885

  3. Hayes JD et al. (2005). Glutathione Transferases in Detoxification and Signaling. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol.
    https://www.researchgate.net/profile/John-Hayes-12/publication/7914946_Glutathione_Transferases/links/0912f5086a6612b38c000000/Glutathione-Transferases.pdf

  4. Droge W (2002). The Role of Glutathione in Immune Function and Oxidative Stress. Physiol Rev.
    https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/39488A395CB25E88283204A938A4CBD9/S0029665100000847a.pdf/glutathione-and-immune-function.pdf

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